{"id":2563,"date":"2017-12-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-12-16T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/armando.info\/?p=2563"},"modified":"2017-12-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2017-12-16T00:00:00","slug":"the-joint-ventures-of-the-mining-arc-come-from-barbados","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/the-joint-ventures-of-the-mining-arc-come-from-barbados\/","title":{"rendered":"The \"Joint Ventures\" of the Mining Arc come from Barbados"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The \r\nlargest mining deposit in Venezuela and the small island of Barbados are \r\nconnected. Though separated by more than a thousand kilometers (621.37 mi), both \r\ngeographical points are united in the business that emerged from the \r\ndelimitation of the \"Orinoco Mining Arc\" by the government of Nicol\u00e1s Maduro in \r\nFebruary 2016. If smuggling, and small-scale and informal mining governed the \r\nsouth of Venezuela for years, now the foundations of a rushed exploitation with \r\n\"joint ventures\" between the State and private companies with companies in the \r\nCaribbean island are being built.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For \r\nsome reason, not entirely clear, this activity \u2014in an area of ??almost 112 \r\nthousand square kilometers (43243.44 square miles) to the north of the state of \r\nBol\u00edvar and south of the Orinoco River\u2014according to presidential decree 2.248 \r\nissued in Official Gazette 40.855 of February 24, 2016, with which the \r\nVenezuelan government aims to make up for the drop in oil prices and the \r\ncollapse of oil production, is now linked to companies registered in that small \r\ntax haven called Barbados. This is the case of Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz, an unknown \r\nVenezuelan company that in August 2016 signed an agreement with the national \r\nExecutive for the exploitation of Coltan, a strategic mineral known as \"blue \r\ngold,\" and wanted by industries like the telecommunications \r\nindustry.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Presidente Maduro activa el Arco Minero del Orinoco e instala Motor Miner\u00eda\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Gj1XighWg4k?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t \n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\"In \r\n2013-2014, they participated in the exploration of phosphate deposits in the \r\nstate of T\u00e1chira, and in 2016, they presented the joint venture project with the \r\nBolivarian Republic of Venezuela for the exploration and exploitation of the \r\ntantalum and niobium deposit in the state of Bol\u00edvar,\" the presenter said, as a \r\njustification, about Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz in a ceremony held on August 5, 2016, at \r\nthe Central Bank of Venezuela (BCV).<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"kb-gallery-wrap-id-_674KaF-Ke alignnone wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-ul kb-gallery-non-static kb-gallery-type-slider kb-gallery-id-_674KaF-Ke kb-gallery-caption-style-below kb-gallery-filter-none kb-gallery-magnific-init\" data-image-filter=\"none\" data-lightbox-caption=\"true\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-carousel splide kt-carousel-container-dotstyle-dark kt-carousel-arrowstyle-whiteondark kt-carousel-dotstyle-dark kb-slider-group-arrow kb-slider-arrow-position-center\" data-slider-anim-speed=\"400\" data-slider-scroll=\"1\" data-slider-arrows=\"true\" data-slider-fade=\"true\" data-slider-dots=\"true\" data-slider-type=\"slider\" data-slider-hover-pause=\"false\" data-slider-auto=\"\" data-slider-speed=\"7000\" data-show-pause-button=\"false\"><div class=\"splide__track\"><ul class=\"kt-blocks-carousel-init kb-blocks-slider splide__list\"><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017.PNG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"739\" height=\"804\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017.PNG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017.PNG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017.PNG\" data-id=\"53694\" class=\"wp-image-53694 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017.PNG 739w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-700x762.png 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 739px) 100vw, 739px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-2.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-2.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-2.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-2.JPG\" data-id=\"53695\" class=\"wp-image-53695 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-2.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-2-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-2-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-3.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-3.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-3.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-3.JPG\" data-id=\"53696\" class=\"wp-image-53696 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-3.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-3-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-3-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-4.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-4.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-4.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-4.JPG\" data-id=\"53697\" class=\"wp-image-53697 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-4.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-4-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-4-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-5.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-5.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-5.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-5.JPG\" data-id=\"53698\" class=\"wp-image-53698 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-5.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-5-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-5-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-11.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1122\" height=\"862\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-11.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-11.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-11.JPG\" data-id=\"53699\" class=\"wp-image-53699 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-11.JPG 1122w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-11-700x538.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-11-768x590.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1122px) 100vw, 1122px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The \r\nParadise Papers leak, containing millions of documents from the Appleby law firm \r\nin the Bermuda archipelago and company registers in several tax havens \u2014obtained \r\nby the German newspaper S\u00fcddeutsche Zeitung and shared by the International \r\nConsortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ)\u2014, now allows knowing that three \r\nyears before it was named Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz, it had created a homonymous company \r\nin Barbados, as if anticipating what was to come. The company is Faoz Corp, \r\nregistered on May 13, 2013, just two months after the death of Hugo Ch\u00e1vez and \r\none month prior the election of Nicol\u00e1s Maduro as president of the Republic, \r\nafter beating Henrique Capriles by a narrow margin. The Orinoco Mining Arc was \r\nnot yet on the horizon.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In Search of Coltan<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On \r\nAugust 5, 2016, Luisa Herminia Alcal\u00e1 Otero signed on behalf of the company an \r\nagreement with the Government, represented by the then Minister for Ecological \r\nMining Development, Roberto Mirabal. That agreement became official almost three \r\nmonths later with presidential decree 2.359, published in Official Gazette \r\n41.026. Company Empresa Mixta Minera Ecosocialista Parguaza (Emmepsa) born \r\nthere, with a 55% share capital that belongs to the state-owned Corporaci\u00f3n \r\nVenezolana de Miner\u00eda (Venezuelan Mining Corporation) and the remaining 45% to \r\nCorporaci\u00f3n Faoz. Another member of the Alcal\u00e1 family, Rafael Enrique Sol\u00f3rzano \r\nAlcal\u00e1 appears as the director of the company in Barbados.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based \r\non the registration papers, the company was created to engage in consulting, \r\ninvestments, and project development in the mining industry. The company did not \r\nrespond to the request sent by email or to the one made at the offices of \r\nEmmepsa in Torre Hener, in El Rosal, a financial area of Caracas. At that point, \r\nthey redirect those who arrive to Torre Teaca, in the same area of the capital, \r\nand where the offices of Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz are located, according to their \r\nwebsite. \"As a joint venture, we must request authorization from the ministry,\" \r\nwarned one of the employees.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A \r\nresolution of the Ministry for Ecological Mining Development, published on \r\nDecember 6, 2016 in Official Gazette 41.046, determined that the new joint \r\nventure would have the right to \"explore and exploit mines and deposits of \r\ntantalum-niobium (coltan), ilmenite, cassiterite, tin, zircon, quartz, granite, \r\ndiamonds and gold, including its use\" in an 10,201-ha area in Cede\u00f1o \r\nmunicipality of the state of Bol\u00edvar. According to the minutes of the \r\nshareholders' meeting published in that Official Gazette, it was also clear that \r\nCorporaci\u00f3n Faoz just had to inject 450 thousand bolivars - 45% of the share \r\ncapital of the joint venture - to enter the business.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Precisely \r\nin this and other minutes of the shareholders' meetings, striking aspects of the \r\nnow partner of the Venezuelan state are evident. Originally Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz, \r\ncreated in 1992, it was called Construcciones Far\u00eda and adopted the new name on \r\nJuly 29, 2016, just days before closing the agreement with the Venezuelan \r\ngovernment to enter the Orinoco Mining Arc. On its website, the company simply \r\nexplains that \"we are a company founded in 1992, engaged in ??construction. We \r\nsoon diversify our operations into the mining sector, carrying out research, \r\nexploration and exploitation of metallic and nonmetallic \r\nminerals.\"<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The \r\nbusiness of Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz does not end there. It is also related to the Joint \r\nMining Company of Nueva Esparta (Ecomine), which in the event held on August 5, \r\n2016, at the BCV, sealed another agreement with the national government. This \r\ntime, another Alcal\u00e1, F\u00e9lix Angel Oliveros Alcal\u00e1, who also appears as president \r\nof Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz in some minutes of the shareholders' meetings of Emmepsa, \r\nsigned on behalf of Ecomine. A report by efectococuyo.com, published in last \r\nyear\u2019s September, showed that link between Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz and Ecomine, and \r\nthat both had the same office in Torre Exa, another office complex in El Rosal \r\narea of Caracas.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Estas son las empresas que operaran en el Arco Minero\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VLhKw7qjPeg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t \n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On \r\nSeptember 9, the news agency of Venezuela Agencia Venezolana de Noticias (AVN) \r\nreported that joint venture Emmepsa was able to produce the \"first ton of \r\ncoltan,\" which was also reported by Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz on its website. According \r\nto the report, the thousand kilograms of the mineral were extracted \"while \r\ncalibrating the machinery and the mechanical system used in the mine operations \r\nin Los Pijiguaos area, in the state of Bol\u00edvar.\"<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As \r\nto the marketing of the mineral, the president of the company, C\u00e9sar \r\nSanguinetti, told the state agency that \"we are waiting for the legal aspect to \r\nproceed with the first sale that is a historical event of the Venezuelan people, \r\nsince we are venturing for the first time into this field of the coltan \r\nmineral.\" Years ago, in 2009, Hugo Ch\u00e1vez admitted that they discovered mafias \r\ninvolved in smuggling the mineral. \"Now, a strategic mineral called coltan has \r\nappeared, and we have militarized the area because they were smuggling it to \r\nColombia, exploiting it illegally. We still do not know how much reserve we \r\nhave, but based on the information, it is a large reserve,\" Ch\u00e1vez said eight \r\nyears ago.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A \r\nreport signed by journalists Joseph Poliszuk and Emilia D\u00edaz-Struck, published \r\non March 4, 2012 on <A \r\nhref=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/Reportajes\/DemoPublico\/59\">Armando.info<\/A>, \r\nproved that the mineral was being illegally marketed on internet platforms. \"In \r\nPaguaza, in the state of Bol\u00edvar, at the foothills of the Guyanese massif, you \r\ncan see the first signs of coltan fever,\" he says. According to court records, \r\nfrom 2009 to 2011, the National Guard seized almost two tons of coltan to seven \r\npeople.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The \r\nissue does not seem to be fully resolved yet, despite the government's rush to \r\nobtain through mining exploitation the resources that could not be obtained \r\nthrough oil to contribute the diminished Venezuelan coffers. \"Palestine is \r\ninvesting in coltan,\" Nicol\u00e1s Maduro said in early December while announcing a \r\n\"zoning plan for the Orinoco Mining Arc\". \"Come! Diamond, gold. Palestine, come \r\nto work gold, diamond, oil, gas, coltan, come. Palestinian entrepreneurs and \r\nfrom around the world, come to Venezuela, this is your homeland, this is the \r\nJerusalem of America, Venezuela,\" insisted the head of \r\nstate.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The \r\nrush showed by the President of the Republic of Venezuela since that last year \r\nto exploit one of the most important natural areas of Venezuela has been \r\nfervently questioned by environmental movements and officials of the Chavez \r\ngovernment, like former ministers Ana Elisa Osorio and H\u00e9ctor Navarro, or former \r\ncommander of the Strategic Integral Defense Region (REDI) of Guyana, Cl\u00edver \r\nAlcal\u00e1 Cordones, who has unsuccessfully tried legal actions before the Supreme \r\nCourt of Justice against presidential decrees associated with the Orinoco Mining \r\nArc. \"On August 5 (2016) the country saw the most opprobrious act of the last \r\n200 years,\" said Alcal\u00e1 Cordones in a television interview about the agreements \r\nbetween the government and companies like the unknown Corporaci\u00f3n \r\nFaoz.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u00e1vez expelled them, Maduro negotiated an agreement<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Curiously, \r\nCorporaci\u00f3n Faoz is not the only company favored by the national government that \r\nhas registered companies in Barbados. Canadian gold miner Gold Reserve also went \r\nto that jurisdiction. In 2009, Hugo Ch\u00e1vez suspended a concession to this miner \r\nto exploit the Las Brisas and Las Cristinas mines in the state of Bol\u00edvar, to \r\nform the Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera. That company was part of \r\nthe agreement reached by the administration of Nicol\u00e1s Maduro after the mining \r\ncompany obtained in 2014 at the International Center for Settlement of \r\nInvestment Disputes (ICSID) an arbitration award for just over 700 million \r\ndollars as compensation for that decision of Ch\u00e1vez.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\"From \r\na conflict and a lawsuit we had, we are now partners for the development of a \r\nproject of over 5 billion dollars,\" Maduro argued in February last year when he \r\napproved the decree of the Orinoco Mining Arc. The pact, in fact, forces \r\nVenezuela to settle the award, which amounted to almost 800 million dollars for \r\nthe interest accrued until 2016, with monthly payments until mid-2019. In \r\naddition, Venezuela must pay another 240 million dollars for the technical \r\ninformation of the mines that Gold Reserve gathered for years, which will be \r\nuseful for the operation of Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra \r\nMinera.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Formally, \r\nthe company was incorporated on September 30, 2016, according to presidential \r\ndecree 2.465 published in Official Gazette 41.000, whereby it was established \r\nthat the alliance was between the Venezuelan Mining Corporation and company GR \r\nMining Inc of Barbados.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The \r\nParadise Papers show that that company was created on the Caribbean island on \r\nApril 15, 2016, and its directors are Alexander D. Belanger and Robert A. \r\nMcguinness, both managers of Gold Reserve. On that same day, the Canadian mining \r\ncompany also registered GR Engineering Inc. in that jurisdiction. \"GR \r\nEngineering Inc provides engineering, procurement and construction services to \r\nSiembra Minera with a 5% tariff on all construction and development costs, and a \r\n5% commission on operating costs during operations,\" explains the Gold Reserve \r\nwebsite.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"kb-gallery-wrap-id-_JN4ftC-RN alignnone wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-ul kb-gallery-non-static kb-gallery-type-slider kb-gallery-id-_JN4ftC-RN kb-gallery-caption-style-below kb-gallery-filter-none kb-gallery-magnific-init\" data-image-filter=\"none\" data-lightbox-caption=\"true\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-carousel splide kt-carousel-container-dotstyle-dark kt-carousel-arrowstyle-whiteondark kt-carousel-dotstyle-dark kb-slider-group-arrow kb-slider-arrow-position-center\" data-slider-anim-speed=\"400\" data-slider-scroll=\"1\" data-slider-arrows=\"true\" data-slider-fade=\"true\" data-slider-dots=\"true\" data-slider-type=\"slider\" data-slider-hover-pause=\"false\" data-slider-auto=\"\" data-slider-speed=\"7000\" data-show-pause-button=\"false\"><div class=\"splide__track\"><ul class=\"kt-blocks-carousel-init kb-blocks-slider splide__list\"><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-6.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-6.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-6.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-6.JPG\" data-id=\"53700\" class=\"wp-image-53700 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-6.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-6-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-6-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-7.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-7.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-7.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-7.JPG\" data-id=\"53701\" class=\"wp-image-53701 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-7.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-7-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-7-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-8.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-8.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-8.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-8.JPG\" data-id=\"53702\" class=\"wp-image-53702 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-8.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-8-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-8-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-9.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-9.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-9.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-9.JPG\" data-id=\"53703\" class=\"wp-image-53703 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-9.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-9-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-9-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kb-slide-item kb-gallery-slide-item splide__slide\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-10.JPG\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\"   role=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic kb-gallery-image-ratio-inherit kb-has-image-ratio-inherit\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1414\" src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-10.JPG\"   alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-10.JPG\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-10.JPG\" data-id=\"53704\" class=\"wp-image-53704 skip-lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-10.JPG 1000w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-10-700x990.jpg 700w, https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17122017-10-768x1086.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As \r\nof June 30, 2017, Gold Reserve had spent approximately 7 million dollars in the \r\nprocess of forming Empresa Mixta Siembra Minera. A resolution of the Ministry \r\nfor Ecological Mining Development, of November 2, 2016, confirmed that the \r\ncompany would have the right to mining in an area of 18,951 hectares in the \r\nSifontes municipality of the state of Bol\u00edvar. Finally, in March of this year, \r\nanother presidential decree ended up confirming the right of the company to \r\nextract from gold mines in the defined area.<\/p>\n\n\r\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While \r\nthe Government and the companies are committed to attract resources. \r\nOrganizations like the Venezuelan Society of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers \r\n(SVIMM) recently warned that the Orinoco Mining Arc is \"wandering,\" and that it \r\nis necessary to prepare a \"legitimate and indisputable long-term national mining \r\nplan.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wps-pgfw-pdf-generate-icon__wrapper-frontend pgfw-icon-display pgfw-icon-display--default\" style=\"--pgfw-icon-justify:center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563\/?action=genpdf&#038;id=2563\" class=\"pgfw-single-pdf-download-button pgfw-single-pdf-download-button--default pgfw-single-pdf-download-button--icon-only\" title=\"Generate PDF\" style=\"--pgfw-icon-width:25px;--pgfw-icon-height:45px;\" aria-label=\"Download PDF\"><span class=\"pgfw-single-pdf-download-button__media\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img src=\"https:\/\/armando.info\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-generator-for-wp\/admin\/src\/images\/PDF_Tray.svg\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hurried by the drop of oil prices and the collapse of oil production, Nicol\u00e1s Maduro bets on the Orinoco Mining Arc as a formula to increase the resources that are so scarce in the national coffers. Under the \"joint venture\" system, the Government has ended up agreeing with companies insufficiently known in the extra-activist industry, like Corporaci\u00f3n Faoz. Among the beneficiaries is Gold Reserve, the Canadian mining company that Hugo Ch\u00e1vez expelled from Venezuela years ago. The Paradise Papers filtering shows that both have registered companies in that tax haven called Barbados.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":53705,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","ghostkit_customizer_options":"","ghostkit_custom_css":"","ghostkit_custom_js_head":"","ghostkit_custom_js_foot":"","ghostkit_typography":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2389,2387,2210],"tags":[823,609],"pais":[4216],"serie":[],"localizacion":[4227],"ppma_author":[2377],"class_list":["post-2563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deportes","category-internacionales","category-investigacion","tag-barbados","tag-los-creadores-de-paradise-papers","pais-venezuela-en"],"acf":{"reportage-top-html":""},"views":2647,"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":2389,"label":"Deportes"},{"value":2387,"label":"Internacionales"},{"value":2210,"label":"Investigacion"}],"post_tag":[{"value":823,"label":"Barbados"},{"value":609,"label":"los 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DENIZ","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/81"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2563"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53705"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2563"},{"taxonomy":"pais","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pais?post=2563"},{"taxonomy":"serie","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/serie?post=2563"},{"taxonomy":"localizacion","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/localizacion?post=2563"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armando.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}